Definition
Pelvic pain can happen between the belly button and the hips and groin. Chronic pelvic pain is pain that lasts for 6 months or more. It is often hard to locate the source of the pain. Problems in the intestines, nerves, bladder, and prostate can cause pelvic pain.
Many health problems can cause chronic pelvic pain such as:
Infections such as those in the bladder or urinary tract
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
Problems with nerves and muscles
Constipation
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
Depression
Inflammatory bowel disease
Diverticulitis
Cancer
Prior physical or sexual abuse
Risk Factors
Having any of the problems listed above will make the chances of pain in your pelvis higher.
Common symptoms are:
Constant pain or dull ache in the pelvis
Burning, shooting pain
Urgent need to pass stool or urine
Pain that comes and goes
Pain that ranges from mild to severe
Pain with certain activities
Pain while sitting for a long time
Diagnosis
You will be asked about your symptoms and health history. A physical exam will be done. You may be asked to keep a pain diary. Write down when your pain happens, how it feels, and how long it lasts.
You may also have:
Blood and urine tests
Cultures and swabs
Tests for STIs
Imaging tests such as:
X-rays
CT scan
MRI scan
Scoping tests will allow your doctor too see structures on a video screen:
Laparoscopy—belly and pelvis
Cystoscopy—bladder
Colonoscopy—large intestine
Treatment
Pelvic pain is treated based on what's causing it. It may involve one or more methods. Common ones are:
Medicines
Antibiotics to treat certain types of infections
Pain relievers
Antidepressants
Muscle relaxers
Alternative Therapies
Relaxation therapy
Acupuncture
Biofeedback
Transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TENS) therapy
Massage
Other Methods
Chronic pelvic pain can also be treated with:
Nerve blocks
Surgery—the type depends on what's causing the pain
Counseling—to better help you cope with stress and pain
Prevention
Chronic pelvic pain not be preventable. It has many causes. If you're at high risk for problems, talk to your doctor.
This content is reviewed regularly and is updated when new and relevant evidence is made available. This information is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with questions regarding a medical condition.